http://nourishedkitchen.com/water-kefir/
Water kefir, a fermented beverage teeming
with beneficial bacteria, is remarkably simple to prepare and often
more palatable than other probiotic tonics like
kombucha and
beet kvass.
Similar in flavor to a dry, slightly fizzy lemonade, water kefir is
pleasant and even small children can enjoy it. When my son was littler
than he is now, I’d often fill his cup with diluted water kefir as
treat, and he loved the fizzy lemonade, and I loved knowing the treat
nourished his growing body.
What is water kefir?
Water kefir, like
kombucha,
is first cultured by introducing a SCOBY (symbiotic culture of bacteria
and yeasts) into sugar water. The beneficial bacteria and yeasts
present in the water kefir grains metabolize the sugar, turning it into
an array of beneficial acids and infusing it with beneficial
microorganisms, additional B vitamins as well as food enzymes.
Water kefir grains are small, translucent,
gelatinous structures and are comprised of assorted bacteria including
lactobacillus hilgardii which gives them their characteristic
crystal-like appearance. When properly cared for and regularly
cultured, they produce a wonderful probiotic-rich beverage and will
continue to grow and reproduce indefinitely.
Water Kefir Benefits
Water kefir, like most fermented foods, supports gut health and
systemic wellness. The beneficial bacteria in the water kefir grains
consume the sugar in the sugar water, and as they metabolize the sugar,
they produce a variety of beneficial acids, food enzymes, B vitamins and
more beneficial bacteria. This process of fermentation also reduces
the sugar content of the drink.
Water Kefir and Alcohol
Like all fermented beverages, culturing water kefir produces a small
amount of alcohol. The alcohol content of water kefir hovers around
0.5% to 0.75% depending on how long it is brewed, and is typically less
than what you find in over-ripe fruit which hovers at 0.9% to 1%. If
you’re concerned about alcohol content in water kefir, you can test your
brews with a hydrometer (
like this one), often used by home brewers, or read this piece about
alcohol content and water kefir.
What You Need to Make Water Kefir
Water Kefir Grains
To make water kefir, you need water kefir grains (
available here).
Water kefir grains (or tibicos) are a SCOBY, that is a symbiotic
colony of bacteria and yeasts. As you brew water kefir, the grains will
grow and reproduce, and you’ll have new grains to give to friends so
that they, in turn, can begin culturing water kefir at home. Water
kefir should not be made with
milk kefir grains,
which are a different composition of beneficial bacteria and yeasts
that rely on milk to grow and reproduce. While you can culture
non-dairy liquids (like coconut milk, sugar water, sweetened infusions,
etc.) with milk kefir grains, you should return them to milk at least
weekly lest they weaken with time. Water kefir grains, similarly,
should be kept only for culturing water kefir.
Water kefir grains proliferate best in a high-mineral environment.
While I prefer plain organic cane sugar in making water kefir, for it
offers a cleaner taste and clearer drink, mineral-rich unrefined cane
sugars (like
jaggery or whole,
unrefined cane sugar) work well.
Concentrace,
a liquid mineral supplement, also works well to support the health of
the water kefir grains by providing them with plenty of minerals.
Equipment for Brewing Water Kefir
To brew water kefir, you’ll need a jar with a loose fitting lid or a bit of cheesecloth. I use
mason jars like these. For secondary fermentation, a process that gives water kefir its characteristic fizz, I recommend
flip-top bottles.
Reminiscent
of lemonade, yet milder and less acidic, water kefir or tibicos is a
traditional fermented drink. Like most fermented foods and beverages,
water kefir is rich in beneficial bacteria and food enzymes.
Ingredients
Instructions
- Bring
about 6 cups of filtered water to a boil, then stir in the sugar.
Continue stirring the sugar into the hot water until it dissolves, then
allow it to cool to room temperature.
- Place
the water kefir grains into a 2-quart jar, Pour in the sugar water,
and drop in the figs and lemon. Add a dash of concentrace or other
liquid mineral supplement, if desired. Cover the jar loosely with a lid,
or with cheesecloth secured with cooking twine to allow air in but to
prevent stray debris from spoiling your water kefir. Allow the water
kefir to ferment for 2 to 3 days. The longer it ferments, the stronger
its flavor will become.
- When
the water kefir acquires a flavor that suits you, strain it through a
nonreactive (plastic, wood or stainless steel) strainer into a pitcher.
Discard the spent lemon and figs, but reserve the water kefir grains
which can be immediately recultured or which can be stored in water in
the fridge for up to 1 week.
- While
the water kefir can be enjoyed as it is, after its initial
fermentation, you can also ferment it a second time. Secondary
fermentation allows you to flavor the water kefir, and the secondary
fermentation process, which occurs in a tightly capped bottle (like these) allows carbon dioxide to develop, producing a fizzy water kefir.
- For
the secondary fermentation, pour either 1/4 cup fruit juice of your
choice or 1 tablespoon organic cane sugar into each of two flip-top
bottles (like these).
Then pour the water kefir from the pitcher into the bottle, filling
them within 1/2 inch to 1 inch of their openings. Seal the bottles, and
set them on your countertop to ferment a further 18 to 24 hours,
keeping in mind that warm temperatures will speed up the fermentation
process while cool temperatures will slow it down. Transfer the bottles
of water kefir to the fridge for 3 days to allow the bubbles to set.
Open carefully over a sink, as the liquid in the bottle is under
pressure, and when you release the bottle's seal, the water kefir may
fizz and foam.
Notes
Sugar Substitutes.
The beneficial bacteria and yeasts that make up water kefir grains and
produce water kefir need caloric sweeteners in order to live, and
reproduce. I use organic cane sugar in my water kefir; however, you can
substitute unrefined cane sugar (
available here), jaggery (
available here) or honey. Keeping in mind that honey has some antimicrobial properties and may weaken water kefir grains over time.